San Marzano Tomatoes: The Ultimate Guide to the World’s Best Tomato
San Marzano tomatoes are a type of plum tomato originating from the Campania region in Italy. They are known for their unique flavor and quality as a canning tomato. Compared to the Roma tomato, San Marzano tomatoes are thinner and more pointed, with a sweeter and thicker flesh that has fewer seeds and less water content.
These tomatoes are a staple ingredient in Italian cuisine, particularly in dishes such as pizza, pasta sauces, and tomato-based soups. They are also popular among home gardeners due to their ease of cultivation and high yield. San Marzano tomatoes are typically harvested in late summer and early fall, and can be stored for several weeks in a cool, dry place.
Overall, San Marzano tomatoes are a versatile and flavorful ingredient that can elevate any dish. Whether you’re an experienced chef or a home cook, adding these tomatoes to your pantry is a great way to enhance the flavor of your meals.
Key Takeaways
- San Marzano tomatoes are a type of plum tomato originating from Italy known for their unique flavor and quality as a canning tomato.
- They are a staple ingredient in Italian cuisine and popular among home gardeners due to their ease of cultivation and high yield.
- San Marzano tomatoes are a versatile and flavorful ingredient that can enhance the flavor of any dish.
History of San Marzano Tomatoes
San Marzano tomatoes have a rich history that dates back to the 18th century. These tomatoes are named after the small town of San Marzano sul Sarno, located near Naples, Italy. They were first grown in the volcanic soil in the shadow of Mount Vesuvius, which is known for its fertile soil.
The story of the San Marzano tomato is steeped in legend. According to one legend, the seeds of the San Marzano tomato were a gift from the Kingdom of Peru to the Kingdom of Naples in the 18th century. Another legend claims that the seeds were brought to Italy by the Viceroyalty of Peru.
Regardless of the origin of the seeds, the San Marzano tomato quickly became a staple in Italian cuisine. These tomatoes are known for their sweet and tangy flavor, as well as their meaty texture. They are often used in sauces, soups, and stews, and are a popular ingredient in pizza toppings.
In recent years, San Marzano tomatoes have gained popularity in other parts of the world as well. They are now grown in other countries, including the United States, and are available in many grocery stores and farmers’ markets. Despite their widespread availability, however, true San Marzano tomatoes are still considered a delicacy, and are highly prized by chefs and food enthusiasts alike.
Cultivating San Marzano Tomatoes
San Marzano tomatoes are a popular variety among gardeners and chefs alike due to their sweet flavor, thick flesh, and nearly seedless nature, making them perfect for sauces. Cultivating San Marzano tomatoes requires some preparation and care, but the results are well worth the effort.
Soil Preparation
San Marzano tomatoes thrive in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Before planting, prepare the soil by adding compost or well-rotted manure to the planting area. This will help to improve soil fertility and water retention. It is also recommended to test the soil pH and adjust it to a slightly acidic level between 6.0 and 6.8.
Planting
San Marzano tomatoes can be grown from seed or transplants. If starting from seed, it is recommended to start indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date. Transplants can be planted in the garden after the last frost date.
When planting, dig a hole twice as wide and the same height as the plant. Set at least two-thirds of the seedling’s stem underground and bury it. For stronger growth, dig a trench and bury the plant sideways, situating the tip above the soil surface.
Watering and Fertilization
San Marzano tomatoes require consistent watering to prevent the soil from drying out. It is recommended to water deeply once a week, or more frequently during hot and dry weather. Fertilize the plants every 3-4 weeks with a balanced fertilizer that is high in phosphorus to encourage fruit development.
Pest and Disease Management
San Marzano tomatoes are susceptible to a variety of pests and diseases, including aphids, whiteflies, and blossom end rot. To prevent these problems, keep the garden area clean and free of debris, and rotate crops each year. If pests or diseases do occur, treat them promptly with organic or chemical controls, depending on the severity of the issue.
Overall, cultivating San Marzano tomatoes requires some effort, but the rewards are well worth it. With proper soil preparation, planting, watering, fertilization, and pest and disease management, gardeners can enjoy a bountiful harvest of these delicious and versatile tomatoes.
Harvesting and Storing San Marzano Tomatoes
San Marzano tomatoes are known for their rich flavor and meaty texture, making them a popular choice for sauces, soups, and stews. To get the most out of your San Marzano tomato harvest, it’s important to know when and how to harvest and store them properly.
Picking the Right Time to Harvest
San Marzano tomatoes are typically ready to harvest 80-90 days after planting. Look for tomatoes that are firm and have a deep red color. The tomatoes should be plump and slightly soft to the touch. If the tomatoes are still green, leave them on the vine for a few more days to ripen.
Post-Harvest Handling
After harvesting, it’s important to handle the tomatoes gently to avoid bruising or damaging the fruit. Remove any stems or leaves and rinse the tomatoes in cool water. To prevent the spread of disease, avoid stacking the tomatoes on top of each other and handle them as little as possible.
Storage Techniques
San Marzano tomatoes can be stored in a variety of ways depending on how you plan to use them. For short-term storage, store the tomatoes in a cool, dry place such as a pantry or root cellar. For longer-term storage, consider canning or freezing the tomatoes.
To can San Marzano tomatoes, wash and sterilize canning jars and lids. Peel the tomatoes and remove any seeds or cores. Pack the tomatoes into the jars and add a tablespoon of lemon juice to each jar to increase acidity. Process the jars in a boiling water bath for 35-45 minutes.
To freeze San Marzano tomatoes, wash and dry the tomatoes and remove any stems or leaves. Cut the tomatoes in half and remove any seeds or cores. Place the tomatoes in a single layer on a baking sheet and freeze until solid. Transfer the frozen tomatoes to a freezer bag or container and store in the freezer for up to 6 months.
By following these harvesting and storage techniques, you can enjoy the delicious flavor of San Marzano tomatoes all year round.
Cooking with San Marzano Tomatoes
San Marzano tomatoes are a popular ingredient in Italian cuisine, especially in sauces and soups. These tomatoes are known for their sweet and rich flavor, as well as their low acidity. Here are some ways to use San Marzano tomatoes in your cooking:
Traditional Italian Recipes
San Marzano tomatoes are commonly used in traditional Italian recipes, such as spaghetti sauce, pizza sauce, and tomato soup. To make a simple tomato sauce, sauté garlic in olive oil, add crushed San Marzano tomatoes, and simmer for about 20 minutes. Season with salt, pepper, and fresh basil, and serve over pasta or use as a pizza sauce.
For a classic tomato soup, sauté onions and garlic in olive oil, add crushed San Marzano tomatoes, chicken broth, and a pinch of sugar. Simmer for about 30 minutes, then blend until smooth. Add cream and fresh basil, and serve hot.
Canning and Preserving
San Marzano tomatoes are also great for canning and preserving. To can San Marzano tomatoes, start by washing and sterilizing jars and lids. Peel and seed the tomatoes, then pack them into the jars. Add lemon juice and salt, then seal the jars and process in a boiling water bath for 35-40 minutes.
To preserve San Marzano tomatoes, start by roasting them in the oven with garlic and olive oil. Let them cool, then pack them into freezer bags or containers. They will keep in the freezer for up to 6 months.
Overall, San Marzano tomatoes are a versatile ingredient that can be used in a variety of dishes. Whether you are making a classic Italian recipe or canning for later use, San Marzano tomatoes are sure to add a delicious and unique flavor to your cooking.
Health Benefits of San Marzano Tomatoes
San Marzano tomatoes are not only delicious but also packed with nutrients that can benefit the body in various ways. Here are some of the health benefits of San Marzano tomatoes:
- Rich in Vitamins and Minerals: San Marzano tomatoes are an excellent source of vitamins A and C, potassium, and fiber. These nutrients can help boost the immune system, promote healthy skin, and improve digestion.
- Low in Calories: San Marzano tomatoes are low in calories, making them an ideal food for people who are trying to lose weight. One cup of San Marzano tomatoes contains only 35 calories.
- May Reduce the Risk of Cancer: San Marzano tomatoes contain lycopene, a powerful antioxidant that may help reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, including prostate, lung, and stomach cancer.
- May Improve Heart Health: The potassium found in San Marzano tomatoes can help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease. Additionally, the lycopene in San Marzano tomatoes may help improve cholesterol levels.
Incorporating San Marzano tomatoes into your diet is an easy way to improve your overall health and wellbeing. Whether you enjoy them fresh or canned, these tomatoes are a tasty and nutritious addition to any meal.
Frequently Asked Questions
What makes San Marzano tomatoes different from other varieties?
San Marzano tomatoes are a type of plum tomato that is known for its elongated shape, thick flesh, and sweet, rich flavor. They are grown in the volcanic soil of the Sarno River valley in Italy, which gives them a unique taste and texture. San Marzano tomatoes are also prized for their low acidity, making them ideal for use in sauces and other dishes.
Can San Marzano tomatoes be grown successfully in the United States?
Yes, San Marzano tomatoes can be grown successfully in the United States, but they require a warm and sunny climate. They are typically grown as indeterminate plants, meaning they will continue to grow and produce fruit throughout the growing season. San Marzano tomatoes can be started from seed indoors, and then transplanted outside once the danger of frost has passed.
Are San Marzano tomatoes better suited for cooking or can they also be enjoyed raw?
San Marzano tomatoes are versatile and can be used for both cooking and eating raw. They are often used in sauces, soups, and stews, but they can also be sliced and added to salads or sandwiches. When eaten raw, San Marzano tomatoes have a sweet and slightly tangy flavor.
What are some popular recipes that highlight the flavor of San Marzano tomatoes?
San Marzano tomatoes are a staple ingredient in many Italian dishes, including pizza, pasta sauce, and bruschetta. One popular recipe is spaghetti alla puttanesca, which features San Marzano tomatoes, olives, capers, and anchovies. Another classic dish is margherita pizza, which is topped with San Marzano tomato sauce, fresh mozzarella, and basil.
Where can I purchase authentic San Marzano tomatoes or seeds?
Authentic San Marzano tomatoes and seeds can be purchased from specialty food stores or online retailers. Look for products that are certified by the Consorzio San Marzano, which ensures that they are grown and processed according to strict standards. Be wary of products that claim to be San Marzano tomatoes but are not certified.
How do San Marzano tomatoes compare to Roma tomatoes in terms of flavor and usage?
San Marzano tomatoes and Roma tomatoes are both plum tomatoes, but San Marzano tomatoes are sweeter and have a thicker flesh. They are also less acidic than Roma tomatoes, which makes them better suited for sauces and other dishes. Roma tomatoes are typically used for canning and preserving, while San Marzano tomatoes are preferred for fresh use.
